Pregnancy is a 40-week journey that takes place from the woman’s last period until the baby’s birth. There are three phases or trimesters to pregnancy. Multiple changes occur in the mother and fetus during this time. Below are the details of these trimester-wise changes.
First Trimester (1-12 weeks)
Modifications in mother
It is possible to feel uncomfortable in the first trimester due to hormonal and physical changes. As the pregnancy progresses, this discomfort decreases. These are the changes that occur in the mother.
- Fatigue
- Stomach upset and vomiting (morning sickness).
- Tender, swollen breasts
- Aversions to certain foods
- Headache
- Heartburn or acidity
- Mood swings
- Weight loss Gain
- Irregular bowel movements
Take care of the mother
You can adjust to pregnancy by eating smaller meals, spacing your meals throughout the day, exercising, and walking (as directed by your doctor). It is also important to get to bed early. Your doctor may recommend that you avoid smoking and drink during pregnancy and that you take vitamin D and folic acid.
Changes in fetus
The development of organs and other body parts in the fetus begins. The umbilical cord is attached to the placenta and transfers nutrients, oxygen and hormones to the fetus. The fetus also begins to develop its heart, which can be seen on an ultrasound scan at the sixth week.
Second Trimester (13-28 weeks)
The second trimester usually goes much more smoothly than the first. Most symptoms such as nausea or vomiting may disappear or decrease. You will be able to feel your baby’s movements before the end of this Trimester.
Modifications in mother
- The extra weight of a fetus may cause pain in the stomach, back, and thighs.
- You may notice stretch marks if your skin expands on the breast, abdomen, or buttocks.
- Your skin around your nipples might become darker.
- Dark spots may appear on the cheeks or forehead, upper lip, and nose. This is known as the pregnancy mask if the darkening is seen symmetrically on the face.
- Carpal tunnel syndrome (numbness and tingling in the hands) may occur.
- Itching can be felt in your palms, abdomen, or soles of the feet.
- You may notice a rise in your weight or swelling of your ankles, fingers, and face.
Take care of the mother
Any sudden weight or swelling changes must be reported to the mother. Preeclampsia, a condition that occurs during pregnancy and causes high blood pressure and damage to the liver or kidneys, can be a sign of preeclampsia. It can indicate a liver problem. Although many lotions and moisturizers are available, there have been fewer studies to prove their effectiveness.
Changes in fetus
The fetus continues to grow in the second trimester. The kidneys are developed and begin to excrete urine. The fetus should be able to hear sounds and start to kick by this time. The baby’s sex can now be identified by the 20th week.
3rd Trimester (29-40 Weeks)
This is the end of your pregnancy journey. Most symptoms will disappear once you give birth.
Modifications in mother
- Breathing difficulties
- Sleeping difficulties
- Tenderness in breasts and leakage of colostrum (watery milky pre-milk).
- Heartburn or acidity
- Weight gain can cause swelling in the ankles, face, and fingers. Preeclampsia is characterized by excessive swelling or sudden weight loss.
- Your belly button will begin sticking out.
- Your baby will move towards your lower abdomen.
- You may experience contractions.
Take care of the mother
Avoid eating bland food and late-night meals to avoid heartburn. To find the most comfortable position, change your sleeping position.
Changes in fetus
The baby’s development has almost finished. The baby grows in weight and size. After they are born, their lungs will mature and begin to function.
It is an exciting time, so enjoy every stage of your pregnancy. Pregnancy is a time of miracles and joy. Make the most of it!
